# Julia Evans - Patterns in Confusing Explanations (Highlights)

## Metadata
**Cover**:: https://readwise-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/static/images/article4.6bc1851654a0.png
**Source**:: #from/readwise
**Zettel**:: #zettel/fleeting
**Status**:: #x
**Authors**:: [[Julia Evans]]
**Full Title**:: Patterns in Confusing Explanations
**Category**:: #articles #readwise/articles
**Category Icon**:: 📰
**URL**:: [jvns.ca](https://jvns.ca/blog/confusing-explanations/)
**Host**:: [[jvns.ca]]
**Highlighted**:: [[2021-08-22]]
**Created**:: [[2022-09-26]]
## Highlights
- pattern 1: making outdated assumptions about the audience’s knowledge
- instead: test your explanations! ... So running an
explanation by a few people who don’t already know the concept helps to
catch incorrect assumptions I’ve made.
- pattern 2: having inconsistent expectations of the reader’s knowledge
- instead: pick 1 specific person and write for them!
- writing that’s easy to understand for 1 person (other than you!)
has a good chance of being easy to understand for many other people as well.
- pattern 3: strained analogies
- instead: keep analogies to a single idea ... option 1: use “implicit” metaphors ... option 2: use a very limited analogy
- pattern 4: fun illustrations on dry explanations
- instead: make the design reflect the style of the explanation
- pattern 6: jargon that doesn’t mean anything
- pattern 7: missing key information
- pattern 8: introducing too many concepts at a time
- pattern 9: starting out abstract
- pattern 10: unsupported statements
- pattern 12: explaining the “wrong” way to do something without saying it’s wrong
- pattern 13: “what” without “why”