# Science research writing - Vocabulary
**Parent**:: [[♯ Science research writing]]
link the studies and contributions [📄](zotero://open-pdf/library/items/KS7N47TZ?page=41)
## 1.4.2 Language for the Introduction [📄](zotero://open-pdf/library/items/KS7N47TZ?page=77)
### 1 ESTABLISHING SIGNIFICANCE (usually in the first sentence) [📄](zotero://open-pdf/library/items/KS7N47TZ?page=77)
### 2 VERBS USED TO REFER TO/DESCRIBE RESEARCH ACTIVITY AND CONTRIBUTIONS IN PREVIOUS AND CURRENT RESEARCH [📄](zotero://open-pdf/library/items/KS7N47TZ?page=79)
### 3 GAP [📄](zotero://open-pdf/library/items/KS7N47TZ?page=80)
Group 1:PROBLEM/CRITICISM [📄](zotero://open-pdf/library/items/KS7N47TZ?page=80)
Group 2:RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES [📄](zotero://open-pdf/library/items/KS7N47TZ?page=81)
### 4 THE PRESENT WORK [📄](zotero://open-pdf/library/items/KS7N47TZ?page=83)
## 2.4.2 Language for the Methods section [📄](zotero://open-pdf/library/items/KS7N47TZ?page=134)
### GIVE THE SOURCE OF THE MATERIALS/SAMPLES/EQUIPMENT USED [📄](zotero://open-pdf/library/items/KS7N47TZ?page=134)
### SUPPLY ESSENTIAL BACKGROUND INFORMATION and/or DESCRIBE MATERIALS/SAMPLES/EQUIPMENT USED [📄](zotero://open-pdf/library/items/KS7N47TZ?page=135)
### LANGUAGE TO PROVIDE SPECIFIC AND PRECISE DETAILS OF MATERIALS AND METHODS [📄](zotero://open-pdf/library/items/KS7N47TZ?page=137)
(i) VERBS [📄](zotero://open-pdf/library/items/KS7N47TZ?page=137)
(ii) SEQUENCE LANGUAGE [📄](zotero://open-pdf/library/items/KS7N47TZ?page=139)
JUSTIFY CHOICES [📄](zotero://open-pdf/library/items/KS7N47TZ?page=142)
INDICATE THAT APPROPRIATE CARE WAS TAKEN [📄](zotero://open-pdf/library/items/KS7N47TZ?page=144)
COMPARE WITH or REFER TO MATERIALS/METHODS IN OTHER STUDIES [📄](zotero://open-pdf/library/items/KS7N47TZ?page=145)
INDICATE WHERE PROBLEMS OCCURRED [📄](zotero://open-pdf/library/items/KS7N47TZ?page=147)